This commentary examines the ‘why, how and what’ of risks to the real economy and financial system deriving from damage to ecosystem services and habitats. Read more

This commentary examines the ‘why, how and what’ of risks to the real economy and financial system deriving from damage to ecosystem services and habitats. Read more
Central banks and financial supervisors are essential to securing finance for a low-emissions, resilient world. This commentary explores how to make progress on this goal, an important part of the Paris Agreement. Read more
Transition planning is currently too data-focused and should instead include a people-centred change management approach to show society that the net zero world is one we should all be wanting to strive for, writes Darian McBain in this commentary for the Sustainable Finance Leadership Series. Read more
Meeting the call to 'Invest in Our Planet' requires rethinking how we manage economic development and recalibrating how we direct flows in the financial system, writes Danae Kyriakopoulou. Read more
This paper empirically estimates the material demand requirements for so-called ‘transition-critical materials’ (TCMs) implied under two climate scenarios and finds potentially serious supply ‘bottlenecks’ for three materials – copper, lithium and nickel – which are exacerbated if the transition is delayed. Read more
A new global framework for the protection of nature was adopted at COP15, with material targets for 2030. This commentary outlines their particular relevance for the financial sector and its efforts to halt nature loss. Read more
The impacts of biodiversity loss call for urgent and transformative changes to economic and financial systems. This paper discusses the need to extend the scope of central banks’ approach to the environmental crisis. Read more
This Final Report provides the conclusions of the NGFS-INSPIRE Study Group on Biodiversity and Financial Stability on the scale of the threats from 'biodiversity-related risk' to the global financial system, reviews the actions that central banks, supervisors and other financial actors are already taking in response, identifies policy options for evaluating and mitigating financial risks arising from biodiversity loss and makes recommendations for near-term action. Read more
Biodiversity loss poses a significant and under-appreciated threat to financial stability, and central banks and financial supervisors should act to confront nature-related risks, according to a new report published today (24 March 2022) by a group of central bankers, financial supervisors and academic researchers. Read more
Building on the outcomes of COP26 will be critical to achieving a sustainable financial system, say Nick Robins and Danae Kyriakopoulou, as they highlight 10 areas of opportunity to be seized this year. Read more