Labour markets are recognised as key institutional routes through which the benefits of growth are distributed across populations. Moreover, empirical research suggests that women’s access to labour market opportunities, particularly those which offer predictable incomes and ‘decent’ working conditions, can strengthen their voice and agency within the family and in the wider community. Yet, despite high rates of growth in recent decades, marked gender disparities in labour market outcomes persist across much of South Asia. These disparities are all the more puzzling in the context of Bangladesh. While it is one of the poorer countries in the region, it has not only shared in its high growth rates but has made more rapid progress in other aspects of gender equality, eg health and education. This project combines different research methods in order to carry out a detailed investigation into the interactions between individual choice, cultural norms and economic structures which might explain persisting gender disparities in labour market outcomes in the Bangladesh context as well as how these interactions might vary for men and women from different social groups and geographical locations.