Overview
Introduction
You’ll have the chance to produce work that makes an original contribution to the field of mathematics and its applications. You have a wide range of topics to choose from, including combinatorics, control theory, discrete mathematics, financial mathematics, game theory, graph theory, mathematical optimisation, machine learning, mechanism design, operations research, probabilistic analysis, theory of computation and algorithms, and the applications of mathematics.
In the most recent Research Excellence Framework, all aspects of our research were ranked as world-leading or internationally excellent. So, you’ll be learning alongside the best in the field.
You’ll attend personal development workshops to support your studies and help prepare for your future career. You’ll benefit from our close links with related departments at LSE, such as Statistics, Finance, Economics and Management. We play a central role in the mathematics community of London.
When you graduate, you’ll be well-equipped for a career in academia or industry, including in financial services, data science, consulting, and technology.
Each year, research students receive funding to help with their research activities, such as attending conferences, and buying books or technology. Additional research funds are also available on application.
Entry requirements
Merit in a taught master's degree (or equivalent) in a related discipline and a 2:1 degree or equivalent in mathematics.
Please select your country from the dropdown list below to find out the entry requirements that apply to you.
LSE values diversity and strives to promote equality at all levels. We strongly encourage applications from women, ethnic minorities, and members of other groups under-represented in higher education.
Overseas
English language requirements
The English language requirement for this programme is Research. Read more about our English language requirements.
Competition for places at LSE is strong. So, even if you meet the minimum entry requirements, this doesn't guarantee you an offer of a place.
However, please don’t feel deterred from applying – we want to hear from all suitably qualified students. Think carefully about how you can put together the strongest possible application to help you stand out.
Programme content
In addition to progressing with your research, you're expected to take the listed training and transferable skills courses. You may take courses in addition to those listed and should discuss this with your supervisor. At the end of your second year (full-time), you'll need to satisfy certain requirements, and if you meet these, will be retroactively upgraded to PhD status.
Year 1
Training courses – Compulsory (not examined)
Courses designed for research in Mathematics need to be chosen in consultation with your lead supervisor.
Discrete Mathematics and Algorithms, Operations Research and Game Theory students will attend four courses organised by the London Taught Course Centre.
There are separate arrangements for students in Financial Mathematics, where courses are provided by the London Graduate School in Mathematical Finance . You also have the option of attending or auditing LSE taught master's courses, where appropriate.
Transferable skills courses – Compulsory (not examined)
Year 2
Transferable skills courses – Compulsory (not examined)
Year 3
Transferable skills courses – Compulsory (not examined)
Year 4
Transferable skills courses – Compulsory (not examined)
For the latest list of courses, please go to the relevant School Calendar page.
A few important points you’ll need to know:
We may need to change, suspend or withdraw a course or programme of study, or change the fees due to unforeseen circumstances. We’ll always notify you as early as possible and recommend alternatives where we can.
The School is not liable for changes to published information or for changing, suspending or withdrawing a course or programme of study, due to developments in teaching practice, regulatory requirements that require us to comply, lack of demand, financial unviability of a course, or due to circumstances beyond our control, such as the loss of a key member of staff or where a location or building becomes unavailable for use.
Places are limited on some courses and/or subject to specific entry requirements so we cannot therefore guarantee you a place.
Changes to programmes and courses may be made after you’ve accepted your offer of a place – normally due to developments in the discipline or as a consequence of student feedback. We may also make changes to course content, teaching formats or assessment methods but these are made to improve the learning experience.
For full details about the availability or content of courses and programmes, please take a look at the School’s Calendar, or contact the relevant academic department.
Some major changes to programmes/courses are posted on our updated graduate course and programme information page.
Why study with us
Read our alumni stories and discover more about our department.
Meet the department
The Department of Mathematics aims to be a leading centre for the study of mathematics in the social sciences.
The department has a vibrant intellectual community, with fantastic students, internationally respected academics and high-achieving alumni. Our department has grown rapidly in recent years, with exciting developments in research and new teaching programmes and courses.
This research encompasses four main overlapping areas:
- discrete mathematics
- mathematical game theory
- financial and related mathematics
- optimisation and algorithms.
All aspects of our research were ranked world-leading or internationally excellent in the most recent Research Excellence Framework (2021), submitted jointly with the Department of Statistics.
We embrace the School’s ethos of research-led teaching. Currently, we offer four undergraduate and three postgraduate programmes, as well as doctoral research opportunities on our MPhil/PhD in Mathematics. These programmes are all in high demand – attracting talented students from diverse backgrounds.
Our programmes are highly interdisciplinary and we have close ties with other departments at LSE, including Statistics, Economics, Finance, Management and the Data Science Institute.
Whatever your study route, you’ll benefit from a welcoming, inclusive and friendly learning environment where students and staff are supported to achieve their best.
Learn more about our programmes, recent research and regular events and seminars.
Why LSE
University of the Year 2025 and 1st in the UK in 2025 and 2026
Times and The Sunday Times - Good University Guide 2025 and 20261st in London for the 14th year running
The Complete University Guide - University League Tables 20265th in the world for the study of social sciences and management
QS World University Rankings by Subject 20266th in the world for leading the way in social and environmental sustainability
QS World University Rankings: Sustainability 2026Your application
Overview
We welcome applications for research programmes that complement the academic interests of our staff at LSE. For this reason, we recommend that you take a look at our staff research interests before applying.
We carefully consider each application and take into account all the information included on your form, including your:
- academic achievement (including existing and pending qualifications)
- statement of academic purpose
- references
- CV
- outline research proposal
- sample of written work.
You may need to provide evidence of your English language proficiency. See our English language requirements.
Academic achievement
Provide detailed transcripts, with individual marks for all courses on your undergraduate and postgraduate degree programmes you've completed, and any available/provisional marks obtained in your current degree programme.
CV
- Provide details of your education history.
- Provide details of any employment history or other professional experience, including internships or volunteering activities.
- Mention any relevant prior research experience, such as thesis work, research projects.
- If relevant, mention any career breaks or career changes, for example due to caring responsibilities.
Statement of Academic Purpose (1-page long)
- Explain your motivation for doing a PhD.
- Explain your current career goals and aspirations and clarify how the PhD programme might help you realise them.
Outline Research Proposal (1-2 pages long)
Many applicants will have little or no prior experience of research and therefore we don't expect a fully developed research proposal. The following is a recommendation of what to address, in a concise manner, in the research proposal.
- Explain which overall research area you are interested in and explain why.
- Provide an example of one or two research papers that you've read or open problems you have heard about (in your proposed research area) and explain why you found them interesting.
- Clarify who you see as potential supervisors and explain why.
- Explain how your training and skills are suitable for conducting research in your area of interest. For example, provide specific examples of related courses you have taken, and any research, internship, or work experiences that are relevant to your research area of interest.
- If applicable, describe how any dissertation work from your BSc or MSc is relevant to your planned PhD research (be aware that this research will most likely be different).
Sample of written work (at least 5 pages long)
Submit something that showcases your mathematical writing and that is single-authored by you. For example, this could be a thesis, a project report, or some detailed exercise solutions. We like to see a writing sample that contains both mathematical details and plain text in which you discuss/interpret/explain the mathematical results. You can submit more than one writing sample if you only have short pieces of written work. If you've contributed substantially to any co-authored paper/report that you'd like to be considered as part of your application, you can include this in addition to your single-authored sample of written work.
See further information on supporting documents.
References
You'll need to nominate two referees. Academic referees are preferred, ie, people who have taught you at university level.
If you can find a referee who can specifically comment on your research potential and your academic background in your chosen research area, that would be helpful. If you have any previous research experience, you could ask supervisors/project partners for a reference letter. An academic reference from your current degree programme where you already took exams are usually most helpful. If you haven't taken any exams in your current programme yet, you can also ask for reference letters from previous degrees.
The referees will be asked to provide a reference letter and answer a selection of multiple-choice questions in which they will need to provide an assessment of your academic performance/potential etc. and research potential.
Completed applications are sent to the Department after they are processed by the Graduate Admissions Office. In the department, the numbers and quality of competing applications and the availability of an appropriate supervisor are considered. If your application is shortlisted for consideration, an interview will be arranged with the appropriate members of staff by telephone or video conferencing software. Once all interviews have been conducted, the department will decide on who to accept and who to offer funding. If your application is received before the deadline, we aim to notify you about the outcome by the end of Winter Term.
Please note that LSE allows part-time PhD study only under limited circumstances. If you wish to study part-time, you should mention this (and the reasons for it) in your statement of academic purpose, and discuss it at interview if you're shortlisted.
We'll consider applications for part-time registrations in the PhD programme, subject to visa regulations. Applicants with personal circumstances such as caring responsibilities who may otherwise not pursue a PhD may consider this route. We emphasise that studying for a PhD requires a serious commitment of regular periods of time and concentration. Pursuing a PhD while holding full-time employment is discouraged.
We'd need to see evidence that you:
- would be available to participate in activities that are essential to becoming an independent researcher (eg, attend seminars, go to conferences, follow taught courses in their first year(s), and so on)
- can find mutual times to work with your proposed supervisor
- can spend sufficient time on their PhD research.
For students awarded an Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) studentship, the structure and duration of the studentship offered, including part-time study, will depend on a candidate's previous academic experience, and social research training and experience. ESRC studentships are applicable to both full-time and part-time study. We can discuss part-time options with you if you're interested in applying. International students requiring a student visa should also see the student visas information in the GOV.UK website and the LSE visa advice for more details.
Can I apply to start in the Winter Term (January) or Spring Term (April)?
Under execptional circumstances, starting in January may be permissable. Starting in the Spring Term is not permitted.
I'm already enrolled in a PhD programme at another university and I would like to transfer to your PhD programme. How do I do that?
LSE doesn't accept transfer of credits. All MPhil/PhD applicants, regardless of previous academic experience, are required to complete a formal application. Previous research will be considered, but all students are initially registered as MPhil students by the School, are upgraded to PhD status according to the department's standard policy and are required to fulfil the School's minimum registration requirements.
When to apply
The application deadline for this programme is 27 May 2026.
However, if you’d like to be considered for any funding opportunities, you must submit your application (and all supporting documents) by the funding deadline.
See the fees and funding section below for more details.
Fees and funding
The table of fees shows the latest tuition fees for all programmes.
You're charged a fee for your programme. Your tuition fee covers registration and examination fees payable to the School, lectures, classes and individual supervision, lectures given at other colleges under intercollegiate arrangements and, under current arrangements, membership of the Students' Union. It doesn't cover living costs or travel or fieldwork.
Home
Home student fee (2026/27)
The fee is likely to rise over the full duration of the programme. The School charges home research students in line with fee levels recommended by the Research Councils.
Learn more about fee status classification.
Overseas
Overseas student fee (2026/27)
The fee is likely to rise over the full duration of the programme in line with the assumed percentage increase in pay costs (ie, four per cent each year).
Learn more about fee status classification.
At LSE, your tuition fees, and eligibility for any financial support, will depend on whether you’re classified as a home or overseas student (known as your fee status). We assess your fee status using The Higher education (Fee Limit Condition) (England) Regulations 2017.
Scholarships, studentships and other funding
We recognise that the cost of living in London may be higher than in your home town/city or country and we provide generous scholarships to help both home and overseas students.
For this programme, students can apply for LSE PhD Studentships, and Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) funding. To be considered, you’ll need to submit your application (and any supporting documents) before the funding deadline.
Funding deadlines
Funding deadline for the LSE PhD Studentships and ESRC funding: 14 January 2026.
In addition to our needs-based awards, we offer scholarships for students from specific regions of the world and awards for certain subjects.
PhD Prize for Outstanding Academic Performance
Students on this programme are also eligible for the Department of Mathematics' PhD Prize for Outstanding Academic Performance, which is an annual award for the best PhD performance from a student completing in the previous academic year.
External funding
Additional funding opportunities may be available through other organisations or governments. We strongly recommend you investigate these options as well.
Further information
Learn more about fees and funding, including external funding opportunities.
Learning and assessment
How you learn
Supervisors are selected during the application process, where we take into account the information and preferences you mention in your application. You'll be assigned to:
- One or two principal supervisor(s) with requisite knowledge in your chosen field. Most of your day-to-day supervision will be with the principal supervisor(s). If the research project or your interests shift during your time in the Department, it is possible to change principal supervisor(s).
- If there is only one principal supervisor, an appropriate second supervisor will be appointed. There will always be a principal supervisor from the Department of Mathematics. Where appropriate, a second or joint supervisor may be appointed from another department or institution.
All mathematics MPhil/PhD students are usually expected to undertake some class teaching for the Department. You will be paid separately for this. Further details will be provided on your arrival.
Each registered PhD student in the Department is entitled to claim up to £500 per academic year towards their research expenses relating directly to your studies, such as the purchase of books or conference attendance. All claims must be accompanied by full receipts.
Students are provided with their own workspace and Windows PC within the Department of Mathematics’ PhD study room. This area was recently renovated, and has been modernised to become a professional, purposeful, and relaxed work environment. Students are thus offered a supportive environment within a community of scholars and are well-placed to pursue a career building on their research accomplishments.
In addition to the space provided in Columbia House, a dedicated Postgraduate Common Room is available to students in 32 Lincoln's Inn Fields. Students will also find the PhD Academy useful, a dedicated space and services hub for doctoral candidates.
Students will have access to the comprehensive facilities of the LSE Library and to the libraries of other colleges of the University of London. They'll also benefit from the IT and other facilities available at the School.
How you're assessed
Progression and assessment
You are initially registered for the MPhil, and will be able to upgrade to PhD registration during your second year, dependent on satisfactory progress. Progress is assessed regularly by your supervisors, in consultation with the Doctoral Programme Director, on the basis of the extent to which the agreed research goals have been achieved. Any upgrade is dependent on the successful completion of a Major Review, the date of which is determined by the Doctoral Programme Director in consultation with the lead supervisor.
By the end of your first year you'll be required to present a more detailed project proposal. The proposal, which should illustrate your command of the theoretical and empirical literature related to your topic, will be a clear statement of the theoretical and methodological approach you'll take. It will include a draft outline and work plan, which should identify any periods of fieldwork necessary to your research. This should demonstrate the coherence and feasibility of the proposed research and thesis.
Graduate destinations
Overview
Students who successfully complete the programme often embark on an academic career.
Further information on graduate destinations for this programme
Career support
From CV workshops through to careers fairs, LSE offers lots of information and support to help you make that all-important step from education into work.
Many of the UK’s top employers give careers presentations at the School during the year and there are numerous workshops covering topics such as job hunting, managing interviews, writing a cover letter and using LinkedIn.
See LSE Careers for further details.
