Julia's principal research interest is to explore the nature, dynamics and legitimacy of regulatory regimes, both state and non-state. She also specialises in financial services regulation, and is interested in the regulation of risk, particularly in biotechnology, and in public law.

Making waste treatment a safer business

Julia has a range of external roles spanning her interests in regulation, in universities, and in policies to support research and innovation. 

With respect to regulation, she is an external member of two regulatory committees at the Bank of England, the Prudential Regulation Committee (responsible for the prudential supervision of the UK’s banks, building societies and insurance companies) and the Financial Markets Infrastructure Board (responsible for the prudential supervision of the UK’s recognised payment systems, central securities depositories and central counterparties.  She also engages regularly with regulators in other sectors on matters of regulatory strategy, and was a board member of the Solicitors Regulation Authority from Jan 2014- Dec 2019 and chaired its policy committee.

Her roles with UKRI, the Council of Science and Technology and the British Academy focus on support for the research and innovation system of the UK, particularly for the SHAPE disciplines social sciences, humanities and the arts for people and the economy).   She also leads for the LSE on a £7.4m Connecting Capability Fund grant from Research England to support commercialisation of research in the SHAPE disciplines, which includes chairing the Aspect consortium https://aspect.ac.uk/  and being a director on the board of Zinc, a mission based venture builder for companies who want to address the world’s greatest challenges drawing on research in the social sciences: https://www.zinc.vc/

Julia is also a member of the governing body of the Courtauld Institute of Art, a leading research-intensive university specialising in the history of art, curating and conservation and home to the Courtauld Gallery, which houses a significant collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings: https://courtauld.ac.uk/

Regulatory Innovation: A Comparative Analysis (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, October 2005); co-edited with M. Lodge and M. Thatcher

Much hype has been generated about the importance of innovation for public and private sector organisations. "Regulatory Innovation" offers the first detailed study of regulatory innovation in a multiplicity of countries and domains. This book draws on in-depth studies of innovation in regulatory instruments and practices across high- and low-technology sectors, across different countries and from the early to the late 20th century. Highlighting different 'worlds' of regulatory innovation - those of the individual, the organisation, the state, the global polity, and innovation itself, this book offers a fresh perspective and valuable insights for the practice and study of regulatory innovation. The explicit comparative focus of the case studies and the 'worlds of regulatory innovation' approach make this book essential reading for academic researchers and students interested in regulation.

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 Rules and Regulators (Oxford: OUP, 1997)

Julia Black's book is the first authoritative study of rulemaking in one of the most important areas of economic life: financial services. The books has three main aims: first, to build a jurisprudential and linguistic analysis of rules and interpretation, drawing out the implication of these analyses and developing quality proposals for how rules could be used as instruments of regulation. Second, it interprets that analysis and set of proposals with an empirical study of the formation and use of rules in a particular regulatory system: financial services, and third, it evaluates the nature of the rulemaking process. The author's main case study, examining the use of self-regulation in the financial services sector, complements the detailed analysis of rule formation and uses. The book will be an invaluable addition to the libararies of all administrative lawyers and anyone with an interest in the provision and regulation of financial services.

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• 'Constitutionalising Regulatory Governance Systems' LSE Legal Studies Working Paper No. 02/2021
• 'Regulating AI and Machine Learning: Setting the Regulatory Agenda' European Journal of Law and Technology (2019) 10 (3) (with Andrew Murray) 
• '"Says Who?" Liquid Authority and Interpretive Control in Transnational Regulatory Regimes’ Theoritical Inquiry (2017)
• 'Driving priorities in risk-based regulation: what's the problem?' J. Law & Soc. 2016, 43(4), 565-595 (with Robert Baldwin)
• 'Regulatory styles and supervisory strategies' in Niamh Moloney, Eilís Ferran, and Jennifer Payne, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Financial Regulation (OUP 2015)
• 'Learning from Regulatory Disasters' Law Society and Economy Working Paper Series  WPS 24-2014 December 2014
• 'Risk regulation and transnationality: institutional accountability as a driver of innovation' Transnational Environmental Law 2014, 3(2), pp.373-390 (with Robert Baldwin and Gerard O'Leary)
• 'Reconceiving Financial Markets-From the Economic to the Social' Journal of Corporate Law Studies 13 (2) (2013) pp.401-442
• 'Seeing, Knowing, and Regulating Financial Markets: Moving the Cognitive Framework from the Economic to the Social'  LSE Law, Society and Economy Working Paper Series, WPS 24-2013
• 'Paradoxes and Failures: -New Governance- Techniques and the Financial Crisis' Modern Law Review (2012) 75 (6) pp.1037-1063
• 'Transnational Business Governance Interactions: Conceptualizations and Framework for Analysis' (Burkard Eberlein, Kenneth W.Abbott, Julia Black, Errol Meidlinger, Stepan Wood) Osgoode Hall Law School : Comparative Research in Law & Political Economy Research Paper Series 29/2012
• 'Calling Regulators to Account: Challenges, Capacities and Prospects' LSE Law, Society and Economy Working Paper Series, WPS 15-2012
• ‘Restructuring Global and EU Financial Regulation: Character, Capacities and Learning’ in G.Ferrarini, K.J.Hopt and E.Wymeersch (eds), Rethinking Financial Regulation and Supervision in Times of Crisis (OUP 2012)
• 'When Risk Based Regulation Aims Low: A Strategic Framework' (2012) 6 (2) Regulation and Governance 131-148 (with R. Baldwin)
• 'When Risk Based Regulation Aims Low: Challenges and Approaches' (2012) 6 (1) Regulation and Governance 1-21 (with R. Baldwin)
• 'The Rise (and Fall?) of Principles Based Regulation' in K. Alexander and N. Moloney (eds) Law Reform and Financial Markets (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2011)
• 'Outcomes Focused Regulation – The Historical Context' in A. Hopper QC and G. Treverton-Jones QC, Outcomes-Focused Regulation (The Law Society, London, 2011)
• 'Restructuring Global and EU Financial Regulation: Capacities, Coordination and Learning' LSE Law, Society and Economy Working Paper Series, WPS 18-2010
• 'The Credit Crisis and the Constitution' in D. Oliver, T. Prosser and R. Rawlings (eds), The Regulatory State (Oxford: OUP, 2010)
• 'The role of risk in regulatory processes' in R. Baldwin, M. Lodge and M. Cave Oxford Handbook of Regulation (OUP, 2010)
• Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP, in collaboration with Jonathan Fisher and Julia Black, 'Law and regulation for global financial markets: enforcing the new regime - incentive or deterrence?' L. & F.M.R. 2010, 4(4)346-359.
• 'Risk Based Regulation: Choices, Practices and Lessons Being Learned' in Risk and Regulatory Policy: Improving the Governance of Risk (OECD, 2010)
• 'Really Responsive Risk-Based Regulation' Law and Policy 32 (2) 2010, pp.181-213 (with Robert Baldwin)
• 'Legitimacy and the Competition for Regulatory Share' LSE Law, Society and Economy Working Paper Series, WPS 14-2009, July 2009
• 'Rebuilding the credibility of markets and regulators' Law & Financial Markets Review 2009, 3(1), 1-2.
• 'Constructing and contesting legitimacy and accountability in polycentric regulatory regimes' Regulation & Governance (2008) 2, 137–164
• 'Forms and paradoxes of principles-based regulation'  (2008) Capital Markets Law Journal,  Vol. 3, (4) 425-457
• 'The development of the global markets as rule-makers: engagement and legitimacy' (2008) 2 (3) Law and Financial Markets Review 218-233 (with D. Rouch)
• 'Really Responsive Regulation' (2008) 71(1) Modern Law Review 59-94 (with Robert Baldwin)
• 'Tensions in the Regulatory State' [2007] Public Law 58-73
• 'Making a Success of Principles Based Regulation'  (2007) 1 (3) Law and Financial Markets Review 191-206 (with M. Hopper and C. Band,
• 'The Decentred Regulatory State?' in P. Vass (ed) 2006-7 CRI Regulatory Review (Centre for Regulated Industries, University of Bath, 2007)
• 'Managing Regulatory Risks and Defining the Parameters of Blame: the Case of the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority' (2006) Law and Policy 1  
• 'The Emergence of Risk Based Regulation and the New Public Management in the UK' [2005] Public Law 512-549 
• 'Critical Reflections on Regulation' (2002) 27 Australian Journal of Legal Philosophy 1-37 and CARR Discussion Paper no. 17 (London: LSE, 2003)
• 'Enrolling Actors in Regulatory Processes: Examples from UK Financial Services Regulation' [2003] Public Law 62-90  
• 'Regulatory Conversations' (2002) 29(1) Journal of Law and Society 163-196
• 'Proceduralizing Regulation: Part II' (2001) 21 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 33-59
• 'Decentring Regulation: Understanding the Role of Regulation and Self Regulation in a "Post-Regulatory" World' (2001) 54 Current Legal Problems 103-147
• 'Proceduralizing Regulation: Part I' (2000) 20 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 597-614

 'Criminalising Bank Managers' (Julia Black and David Kershaw) September 2013

'The Commission on Banking Standards Report and Bank Incentives: A Missed Opportunity' (Julia Black and David Kershaw) September 2013

'Legal Risks and Risks to Lawyers' (Julia Black, LSE and Karen Anderson, Herbert Smith Freehills LLP) June 2013

'Creating an ethical framework for the financial services industry' (Julia Black, LSE and Karen Anderson, Herbert Smith Freehills LLP) February 2013

'Regulation, Education and Training' (Legal Education and Training Review Symposium, May 2012)

'Breaking up is hard to do : The next stage' (Julia Black, LSE and Martyn Hopper, Herbert Smith LLP) May 2012

Description of regulatory approaches to assessing the effectiveness of regulatory activities at low-risk sites and proposed good practice framework : Phase 2 report (SNIFFER, August 2011)

'Calibrating Regulation' in Legal Services Board, Understanding the Economic Rationale for Legal Services Regulation - A Collection of Essays  (March 2011)

'Breaking up is hard to to: the future of UK financial regulation?'  with Martyn Hopper, partner, Herbert Smith, LLP (Law and Financial Markets Project; London School of Economics; Herbert Smith : December 2010)

'A Review of Enforcement Techniques' Appendix A, Law Commission, Criminal Liability in Regulatory Contexts: A Consultation Paper Consultation Paper No 195, HMSO, 2010.

'Risk-based Regulation'  in  The Future of the Legal Services : Emerging Thinking, Legal Services Board, June 2010

'Legal and compliance risk management: Towards principles of best practice: Roundtable one, 29 April 2008: Challenges of a changing environment' (Herbert Smith / LSE, 2009)

'"Chancer", "Failure" or "Trier"? Regulatory Conversations and the Construction of Identities' Crime Narratives in Context Network Seminar Papers (2008)

From Local to Global : The rise of AIM as a stock market for growing companies :  a comprehensive report analysing the growth of AIM, Sridhar Arcot, Julia Black and Geoffrey Owen, September 2007

Involving Consumers in Securities Regulation, prepared for the Taskforce to Modernize Securities Regulation in Canada, June 2006

A Legal Services Board: Roles and Operationalising Issues, R.Baldwin, J.Black and M.Cave, July 2005

The Development of Risk Based Regulation in Financial Services: Canada, the UK and Australia : A Research Report, September 2004

Risk, Trust and Regulation : The Case of Pensions, Working Paper for the National Consumers Council, March 2002

Managing Discretion (Published as: ARLC Conference Papers - Penalties: Policy, Principles and Practice in Government Regulation), June 2001