Ukraine Programme

The term ‘civicness’ has been developed by the LSE Conflict and Civicness Research Group based on an analysis of the ‘logics of public authority’ in sites of intractable conflict. By public authority we mean a legitimacy structure beyond the immediate family that commands voluntary compliance (e.g., municipalities). Civicness has been identified as a logic based on an implicit social contract in which revenue and votes may be exchanged for rights and the provision of public services (rather than, for example, on the basis of distributional rents linked to ethnic identity). It is a form of collective action that takes place at the mediation point between society and institutions and establishes some form of stability in societal relations. Civicness as an empirical phenomenon is ubiquitous in conflict zones, which exists alongside (and may be intermingled with) the dominant (violent) logics.

The Ukrainian resistance to Russia’s full-scale invasion has been deeply rooted in the logic of civicness, as the democratic legitimacy of Ukraine’s institutions means that the state enjoys high levels of voluntary compliance in the population. Our argument is that it is crucial for the international community to provide support that assists Ukraine in maintaining its social infrastructure and, since 2014, emerging democratic public authority, in order to avoid a situation in which the state fragments and starts to break down. This goal implies also that maintaining, as far as possible, key social infrastructures – like healthcare, education, and so on – during wartime should not be seen as separate or secondary to the war-effort, but a key component of it which is vital to sustaining the underlying democratic fabric of Ukraine.

PeaceRep’s Ukraine team also seek to develop the concept of ‘intellectual sovereignty’. At the outbreak of the war, Ukraine’s educational and research institutions appealed for international supporters and academic partners to help the country protect what they called its ‘intellectual sovereignty’. Building on this call, we use intellectual sovereignty to refer to how the provision of public goods on a non-territorial or semi-territorial basis can be mobilised to support the territorial integrity of Ukraine as a democratic space under attack by Russia. For example, creating the means for Ukrainian refugees to interact and engage with citizens and institutions at home can both support the national war effort and address the fear that refugees, especially children, will lose access to their Ukrainian culture and identity. Central to the notion of intellectual sovereignty is the assumption that people living through conflict know more about that conflict that anyone else – and that these resources needed to be dawn on to build effective, robust analyses. Intellectual sovereignty is essential to enable on the ground analyses of what is happening and to preserve localised expertise. It is about giving priority to Ukrainian research and information as the basis for the formulation of policy outcomes. 

Existing work by PeaceRep for the Global Transitions series looks at fragmentations in the global order and how these impact peace and transition settlements. In the context of a global order transition from a unipolar to multipolar world, peace and conflict processes have witnessed a ‘fragmentation of international actors’ with a ‘diversification of styles of engagement’. Building on and developing this argument, PeaceRep’s Ukraine team seeks to situate and analyse the war against Ukraine as part of a global fragmentation. While the Russian war against Ukraine aims at an outright annexation and colonisation it follows in respects a pattern built up of Russian approach presented as ‘mediation’ in past conflicts.  By being underpinned by direct use of force, however, it clearly and dramatically contributes to the disruption and further fragmentation of the global normative order. We suggest that rather than a simple ‘return of geo-politics’ the situation in Ukraine marks a new political and economic fragmentation of geopolitical cooperation. 

Rather than a simple resuscitation of classical frameworks based on inter-state dynamics and ‘great power’ competition we start from the assumption that such categories are poorly suited to account there is a need to better understand the crosscutting relations and constellations that shape contemporary global security challenges. And rather than a hierarchy of relations between global, national, local structures of political authority, we propose that research needs to focus in on the empirically observable disruption of these distinctions. Conceptualising the ‘new global fragmentation’ involves of grouping key features of the global conflict environment, such as: the systemic (e.g., political-economic) drivers of conflict and associated forms of authoritarianisation and sectarianism that transverse regime ‘types’ (democratic, non-democratic, etc.); the lowering of technological and geopolitical ‘barriers to entry’ for intervention; the subsequent proliferation of ‘new players’; the role of non-state actors operating across geopolitical boundaries; and the variegated, multi-layered features of even seemingly centralised states at war.  

• Kaldor, M., Cooper, L. (2025) https://peacerep.org/publication/on-the-peace-negotiations-between-russia-and-ukraine/
• Alden, C., Zolkina, M., Fiala, L. (2025) https://peacerep.org/publication/understanding-the-china-factor-in-the-russia-ukraine-war/
• Artiukh, V., Fedirko, T. (2025) https://peacerep.org/publication/war-and-dependent-state-formation-in-ukraine/ 
• Czerska-Shaw, K., Dunin-Wąsowicz (2025) https://peacerep.org/publication/enacting-the-humanitarian-development-peace-hdp-triple-nexus/ 
• Darkovich, A. Hatsko, V. Nesterenko, R. Bevziuk, D., and Ilnytska, I.,(2025) https://peacerep.org/publication/mapping-ukraines-democratic-space-part-3/

• Cooper, L., Kostenko, A., Prokhorova, A., Gueudet, S. (2025)https://peacerep.org/publication/life-under-occupation-in-the-russo-ukrainian-war/

• Cooper, L.(2025) https://peacerep.org/publication/russo-ukrainian-war/

• Vlasiuk, V., Cooper,L., and Milakovsky, B. (2024) A state led war economy in an open market: Investigating state-market relations in Ukraine 2021-2023
• Czerska-Shaw, K., and Dunin-Wąsowicz, R. (2024). Business and Entrepreneurs: Transnational Networks and Civic Goals on the Frontlines of the Russo-Ukraine War. 
• Michnik, W. (2024). Nordic Frontline States? How Finland and Sweden impact NATO's security. 
• Hatsko, V., Savisko, M., and Darkovich, A. (2024). Mapping Ukraine's Democratic Space: Part 2. 
• Gueudet, S. (2024). The Ukraine War and the Nature of Russian Power. 
• Mazurkiewicz, A. (2024). Broad and Narrow Visions of Security: Investigating the strategic discourse of selected NATO Member States.
• Ivanova, A. (2024). Trade Union Perspectives on the War in Ukraine. 
• Hatsko, V., Savisko, M., Darkovich, A., and Petrynka K. (2023) Mapping Ukraine’s democratic space in 40 localities.  
• Beliakova, P. and Detzner, S. (2023) Security Sector Governance and Reform in Ukraine. 
• Dzhurynska, I., and Cooper, L. (2023). Is the 'Buy Ukrainian' Policy Legal? An outline analysis of how EU and WTO law permits Ukraine to declare a national security exception to pursue a preferential procurement policy 
• Cooper, L. (2023). Insourcing the war-economy: Building a resilient Ukraine means maximising its domestic output. 
• Vlasiuk, V., and Milakovsky, B. (2023). “Insourcing” the Recovery: Maximizing engagement of Ukrainian manufacturers in reconstruction efforts.
• Chinkin, C., and Potapova, O. (2023). Women, Peace and Security: National Action Plans in the UK and Ukraine 
• Artiukh, V., Gharibah, M., and Berezkina, I. (2023). Russia and Putin: Authoritarianism at Home, Imperialism Abroad 
• Pankowski, R., Czerska-Shaw, K., & Rangelov, I. (2023). Poland's Role in Ukraine's Security Amid the Challenge of Migration: Humanitarian Responses, Civic Solidarities and Downstream Risks 
• Biziukova, V. and Bystryk, A. (2023). The Belarusian Democratic Movement and Russia's War on Ukraine 
• Beliakova, A. and Detzner, S. (2023). Security Sector Governance in Ukraine: Key Considerations for Policy Makers in 2023 
• Mazurkiewicz, A. and Michnik, W. (2023). Towards the Frontline States Concept: Understanding the Responses to Russia's War Against Ukraine
• Czerska-Shaw, K. and Jacoby, T. (2023). Mapping Ukrainian Civicness Abroad in the War Effort: A Case Study of Poland
• Sudachek, D., Nikiforov, D., & Cooper, L. (2023). A Year of the Full-Scale Invasion of Ukraine in Numbers 
• Wittke, C. (2023) Islands of Agreement and Civility: Conflict Management in Russia’s War against Ukraine
• Cooper, L. (2022). Economic resilience, social dialogue and democracy in wartime: Challenges for Ukraine
• Detzner, S., Beliakova, P., and Šekerinska, R., (2022). Security Sector Governance (SSG) in Ukraine: International lessons, general principles and Ukraine’s post-2014 progress.
• Cooper, L. (2022). Market economics in an all-out-war? Assessing economic and political risks to the Ukrainian war effort. 
• Brik, T., Shapoval, N., Cooper, L., and Kaldor, M. (2022). Meeting the immediate needs of the Ukrainian Economy
• Snyder, T., Kazdobina, J., and Scherba, O. (2022). Is a Peace Deal Possible With Putin? On the problems of peacemaking in the Russian war on Ukraine. 

• Cooper, L. (2024). Ukraine is quietly abandoning neoliberalism. 

• Cooper, L. (2023). Insourcing the war effort.  

• Cooper, L., and Kaldor, M. (2022). Is a Peace Deal Possible With Putin? 

• Cooper, J., and Kaldor, M. (2022). In Europe’s gift: How to avoid a Ukraine ‘forever war’. 

• Amid Scandal, Protest and Geopolitical Stress: Where is Ukraine's Economy Going? with Maliek Banat and Brian Milakovsky - 14 August 2025: An interview with Brian Milakovsky for the LSE Conflict Zone podcast.
• The Ukraine Invasion in an Age of ‘New Wars’ with Mary Kaldor - 4th March 2022: An interview with Mary Kaldor for the New Lines magazine podcast.
• The War in Ukraine with Luke Cooper - 10th March 2022:  A brief interview with Luke Cooper on the Compass podcast. 
• NATO, Human Security, the Changing Face of Global War and the Effectiveness of Sanctions and Debt Cancellation with Mary Kaldor - 17th August 2022 : An interview with Mary Kaldor for the Democracy in Question podcast.
• Avoiding a Forever War in Ukraine with Luke Cooper  - 24th October 2022:  An interview with Luke Cooper for the Visegrad Insight podcast.