Sophie was a Research Officer with the Kuwait Programme from June 2018-June 2019. Sophie's research focused on the transforming political economies of the Arabian Gulf, with particular interest in labour market governance and the post-oil dependent development Visions being adopted throughout the region. Her PhD thesis at the University of Bath examined the late rentier structures of labour market governance in the Gulf Cooperation Council with an emphasis on Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Qatar. She has also provided research and consultancy for a number of think tanks and businesses throughout the region.