Countries

The 2015 Global Climate Legislation Study reviews climate change legislation and policies in 98 countries plus the EU, which together account for approximately 93 per cent of world emissions, and include 47 of the top 50 world carbon emitters (World Resources Institute, 2011). Between them they are home to about 90 per cent of the world’s forests (FAO, 2010). They include 32 Annex-1 countries (including the European Union as a separate entity) and 67 non Annex-1 countries, as defined under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Thirty three of them are high income countries (World Bank, 2013), 33 upper-medium income, 20 lower-medium income and 13 are low-income countries. They are spread across all world regions and represent large economies as well as small states.