{"id":78311,"date":"2025-05-14T00:01:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-13T23:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=78311"},"modified":"2025-12-18T15:19:05","modified_gmt":"2025-12-18T15:19:05","slug":"the-gender-gap-in-carbon-footprints-determinants-and-implications","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-gender-gap-in-carbon-footprints-determinants-and-implications\/","title":{"rendered":"The gender gap in carbon footprints: determinants and implications"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\"><p>Understanding the distribution of carbon footprints across population groups is crucial for designing fair and acceptable climate policies. To date, gender has remained an underexplored factor in carbon footprints, despite its well-documented influence on consumption and travel choices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This paper uses detailed data on consumption patterns from France to quantify the gender gap in carbon footprints related to food and transport and investigate its underlying drivers. The authors show that women emit 26% less carbon than men in these two sectors, which together account for half of the average individual carbon footprint. Socioeconomic factors, biological differences and gender differences in distances travelled explain part of the gap, but up to 38% remains unexplained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key points for decision-makers<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The study uses survey data on the food consumption of 2,100 representative French individuals and the transport patterns of 12,500 others.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These sectors are particularly relevant because taken together, food and transport account for 50% of household carbon footprints. These sectors offer a wide range of choices with significant variation in carbon intensity, and granular environmental impact data exist for both.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Annual carbon footprints associated with men&rsquo;s food and transport consumption were found to be 5.3 tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalent (tCO<sub>2<\/sub>e)&nbsp;on average, while women&rsquo;s average food and transport consumption produced 3.9 tCO<sub>2<\/sub>e, 26% less.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This gap is of the same magnitude as the difference in food and transport footprints for individuals with below-median household income compared with those with above-median household income.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The data show that red meat consumption and car use &ndash; which are both high-emission goods often associated with male identity &ndash; account for most of the residual difference in carbon footprints once variations in food quantity, distances travelled and employment status are considered.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The gender gap in transport use is only observed among couples and is particularly pronounced among couples with children. In contrast, the gender gap in food carbon footprints is smaller within dual-adult households relative to single, suggesting convergence: shared meals and joint decision-making may limit the expression of gendered dietary preferences.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The results shed light on how men and women could be differently impacted by climate policy and on these policies&rsquo; distributional impacts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>An updated version of the paper is available <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ifs.org.uk\/publications\/gender-gap-carbon-footprints-determinants-and-implications\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">here&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\"><p>Using data on consumption patterns from France, this paper quantifies the gender gap in carbon footprints related to food and transport to investigate underlying drivers in differences between men and women. <\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":78317,"template":"","tags":[247,1063,248,4940,2275,622,2022,4941,294],"publication-type":[435],"topic_area":[4694,4698],"class_list":["post-78311","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-behaviour","tag-carbon-footprint","tag-consumption","tag-diet","tag-food","tag-france","tag-gender","tag-red-meat","tag-transport","publication-type-working-papers","topic_area-policy-evaluation","topic_area-behavioural-responses"],"acf":{"show_translations_widget":{"ref_value":"field_6203d588c41e8","value":"0","type":false,"post_type":""},"downloads":{"ref_value":"field_52f16cc1a80f2","value":["https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/working-paper-424-Berland_Leroutier.pdf"],"type":"download","post_type":""},"rss_newsletter":{"ref_value":"field_54f5c2c1544d8","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""},"profile_link":{"ref_value":"field_52f164b5189e9","value":["ondine-berland","marion-leroutier"],"type":"relationship","post_type":"profile"},"spotlight":{"ref_value":"field_52f80896506d3","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""}},"yoast_head":"<!-- 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