{"id":61200,"date":"2022-08-16T08:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-16T07:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=61200"},"modified":"2024-08-19T14:36:23","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T13:36:23","slug":"who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/","title":{"rendered":"Who pays for greenhouse gas removal in the UK? Designing equitable policy to fund BECCS and DACCS"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\"><p>Greenhouse gas removal (GGR) technologies, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS), are expected to play an important part in the UK&rsquo;s transition to net zero. However, there is a lack of clarity over how these technologies would be funded and who would bear the cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This brief examines four policy options for funding greenhouse gas removal technologies and assesses their distributional impact &ndash; i.e. how the costs fall to UK households across income levels. This provides novel detail for policymakers to support the equitable and effective design of GGR funding policy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Main messages<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The UK&rsquo;s net zero commitment assumes the use of GGR technologies such as BECCS and DACCS, but there is a risk that the costs of funding them will be unequally distributed across society.<\/li><li>Given evidence that suggests the public see BECCS and DACCS as controversial technologies, choosing a fair funding model is vital to ensure public legitimacy.<\/li><li>Income tax is found to be the most progressive policy option for funding BECCS and DACCS. The three other options assessed &ndash; polluter pays, carbon contracts for difference and multi-sector government contracts &ndash; result in regressive outcomes, meaning that low-income households pay disproportionately more than higher-income households.<\/li><li>Carbon contracts for difference, the option which most closely resembles current UK government policy for supporting low-carbon energy generation, is the most regressive policy. It would fund BECCS and DACCS through household energy bills and further entrench inequality as low-income households spend a disproportionately large share of income on electricity.<\/li><li>Aviation is an important sector for intervention. As high-income households have larger aviation carbon footprints, passing on costs via air travel could help to fund GGR technologies while having minimal impacts on social welfare.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This policy brief is based on an article published by the same authors in the journal&nbsp;<em>Climate Policy.&nbsp;<\/em>Access the article here:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-beccs-and-daccs-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-climate-policy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-beccs-and-daccs-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-climate-policy\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\"><p>Greenhouse gas removal technologies will play an important role in the UK&rsquo;s net zero pathway, but it is unclear how they can be funded fairly. We assess four policy options and compare how the costs will fall to UK households.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":61201,"template":"","tags":[1775,1149,2357,369,1283,181,2359],"publication-type":[1682],"topic_area":[4694,4696],"class_list":["post-61200","publication","type-publication","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-beccs","tag-carbon-capture-and-storage","tag-daccs","tag-geoengineering","tag-greenhouse-gas-removal","tag-uk-climate-policy","tag-uk-net-zero","publication-type-policy-publications","topic_area-policy-evaluation","topic_area-uk-emissions-policy"],"acf":{"exclude_from_sync":{"ref_value":"field_560538b0e7350","value":"0","type":false,"post_type":""},"show_translations_widget":{"ref_value":"field_6203d588c41e8","value":"0","type":false,"post_type":""},"downloads":{"ref_value":"field_52f16cc1a80f2","value":["https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Who_pays_for_greenhouse_gas_removal_GGR_in_the_UK_BECCS_and_DACCS_policy_brief.pdf"],"type":"download","post_type":""},"rss_newsletter":{"ref_value":"field_54f5c2c1544d8","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""},"profile_link":{"ref_value":"field_52f164b5189e9","value":["anne-owen","josh-burke","esin-serin"],"type":"relationship","post_type":"profile"},"spotlight":{"ref_value":"field_52f80896506d3","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""}},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Who pays for greenhouse gas removal in the UK? Designing equitable policy to fund BECCS and DACCS - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This policy brief explores how greenhouse gas removal technologies can be funded fairly in the UK&#039;s pathway to net zero.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Who pays for greenhouse gas removal in the UK? Designing equitable policy to fund BECCS and DACCS - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This policy brief explores how greenhouse gas removal technologies can be funded fairly in the UK&#039;s pathway to net zero.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-19T13:36:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Climeworks-Orca-plant-Iceland-Image-6-Copyright-Climeworks-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1707\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\\\/\",\"name\":\"Who pays for greenhouse gas removal in the UK? Designing equitable policy to fund BECCS and DACCS - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/Climeworks-Orca-plant-Iceland-Image-6-Copyright-Climeworks-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-08-16T07:30:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-19T13:36:23+00:00\",\"description\":\"This policy brief explores how greenhouse gas removal technologies can be funded fairly in the UK's pathway to net zero.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/Climeworks-Orca-plant-Iceland-Image-6-Copyright-Climeworks-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/Climeworks-Orca-plant-Iceland-Image-6-Copyright-Climeworks-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1707,\"caption\":\"Photo: Climeworks 'Orca' Direct Air Carbon Capture plant in Iceland \u00a9 Climeworks\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/?post_type=publication\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Policy publication\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/?publication-type=policy-publications\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Who pays for greenhouse gas removal in the UK? Designing equitable policy to fund BECCS and DACCS\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/\",\"name\":\"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\",\"description\":\"The Grantham Research Institute at LSE carries out world-class research on climate change and the environment.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Who pays for greenhouse gas removal in the UK? Designing equitable policy to fund BECCS and DACCS - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","description":"This policy brief explores how greenhouse gas removal technologies can be funded fairly in the UK's pathway to net zero.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Who pays for greenhouse gas removal in the UK? Designing equitable policy to fund BECCS and DACCS - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","og_description":"This policy brief explores how greenhouse gas removal technologies can be funded fairly in the UK's pathway to net zero.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/","og_site_name":"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","article_modified_time":"2024-08-19T13:36:23+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2560,"height":1707,"url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Climeworks-Orca-plant-Iceland-Image-6-Copyright-Climeworks-scaled.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Estimated reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/","url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/","name":"Who pays for greenhouse gas removal in the UK? Designing equitable policy to fund BECCS and DACCS - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Climeworks-Orca-plant-Iceland-Image-6-Copyright-Climeworks-scaled.jpg","datePublished":"2022-08-16T07:30:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-19T13:36:23+00:00","description":"This policy brief explores how greenhouse gas removal technologies can be funded fairly in the UK's pathway to net zero.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Climeworks-Orca-plant-Iceland-Image-6-Copyright-Climeworks-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Climeworks-Orca-plant-Iceland-Image-6-Copyright-Climeworks-scaled.jpg","width":2560,"height":1707,"caption":"Photo: Climeworks 'Orca' Direct Air Carbon Capture plant in Iceland \u00a9 Climeworks"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/who-pays-for-greenhouse-gas-removal-in-the-uk-designing-equitable-policy-to-fund-beccs-and-daccs\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Publications","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?post_type=publication"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Policy publication","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?publication-type=policy-publications"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Who pays for greenhouse gas removal in the UK? Designing equitable policy to fund BECCS and DACCS"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/","name":"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","description":"The Grantham Research Institute at LSE carries out world-class research on climate change and the environment.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"}]}},"taxonomies":{"post_tag":["BECCS","carbon capture and storage","DACCS","Geoengineering","greenhouse gas removal","UK climate policy","UK net zero"],"publication-type":["Policy publication"],"topic_area":["Policy evaluation","UK emissions policy"]},"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Climeworks-Orca-plant-Iceland-Image-6-Copyright-Climeworks-scaled.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/61200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/61200\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":61760,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/61200\/revisions\/61760"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/61201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61200"},{"taxonomy":"publication-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication-type?post=61200"},{"taxonomy":"topic_area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic_area?post=61200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}