The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The authors of this paper conduct a systematic review to synthesize existing knowledge on differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs in Africa to climate risk, in relation to their sensitivity to extreme climate events and their adaptive capacity.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-19T13:15:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/triple_vulnerability_of_female_entrepreneurs.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"451\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"339\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\\\/\",\"name\":\"The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/triple_vulnerability_of_female_entrepreneurs.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-15T12:57:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-19T13:15:17+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/triple_vulnerability_of_female_entrepreneurs.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/triple_vulnerability_of_female_entrepreneurs.jpg\",\"width\":451,\"height\":339,\"caption\":\"Women entrepreneurs in sub-Saharan Africa are more sensitive to climate risk, face additional barriers to climate change adaptation in the business environment and are also often on the frontline of managing climate risk at household levels. Photo credit: Kate Gannon.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/?post_type=publication\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"All research\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication-type\\\/new-research\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Research article\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication-type\\\/research-articles\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/\",\"name\":\"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\",\"description\":\"The Grantham Research Institute at LSE carries out world-class research on climate change and the environment.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"}]}<\/script>\n","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","og_description":"The authors of this paper conduct a systematic review to synthesize existing knowledge on differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs in Africa to climate risk, in relation to their sensitivity to extreme climate events and their adaptive capacity.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/","og_site_name":"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","article_modified_time":"2024-08-19T13:15:17+00:00","og_image":[{"width":451,"height":339,"url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/triple_vulnerability_of_female_entrepreneurs.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Estimated reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/","url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/","name":"The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/triple_vulnerability_of_female_entrepreneurs.jpg","datePublished":"2022-06-15T12:57:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-19T13:15:17+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/triple_vulnerability_of_female_entrepreneurs.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/triple_vulnerability_of_female_entrepreneurs.jpg","width":451,"height":339,"caption":"Women entrepreneurs in sub-Saharan Africa are more sensitive to climate risk, face additional barriers to climate change adaptation in the business environment and are also often on the frontline of managing climate risk at household levels. Photo credit: Kate Gannon."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Publications","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?post_type=publication"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"All research","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication-type\/new-research\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Research article","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication-type\/research-articles\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/","name":"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","description":"The Grantham Research Institute at LSE carries out world-class research on climate change and the environment.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"}]}},"taxonomies":{"post_tag":["climate risk","entrepreneurs","private sector adaptation","SMEs","sub-Saharan Africa","WECCA","women"],"publication-type":["Research article"],"topic_area":["Adaptation and resilience"]},"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/triple_vulnerability_of_female_entrepreneurs.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/60423","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/60423\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60430,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/60423\/revisions\/60430"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60438"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60423"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60423"},{"taxonomy":"publication-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication-type?post=60423"},{"taxonomy":"topic_area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic_area?post=60423"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

{"id":60423,"date":"2022-06-15T13:57:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-15T12:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?post_type=publication&p=60423"},"modified":"2024-08-19T14:15:17","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T13:15:17","slug":"the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/the-triple-differential-vulnerability-of-female-entrepreneurs-to-climate-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-gendered-barriers-and-enablers-to-private-sector-adaptation\/","title":{"rendered":"The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The ability of businesses to adapt effectively to climate change is highly influenced by the external business enabling environment. Constraints to adaptive capacity are experienced by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) across sub-Saharan Africa, regardless of the gender of the business owner. However, gender is a critical social cleavage through which differences in adaptive capacity manifest and in Africa most entrepreneurs are women. We conduct a systematic review to synthesize existing knowledge on differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs in Africa to climate risk, in relation to their sensitivity to extreme climate events and their adaptive capacity. We synthesize this literature using a vulnerability analysis approach that situates vulnerability and adaptive capacity within the context of the wider climate risk framework denoted in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. In doing so, we identify gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation and suggest women entrepreneurs face a “triple differential vulnerability” to climate change, wherein they: (1) are often more sensitive to climate risk, as a result of their concentration in certain sectors and types of enterprises (e.g., micro SMEs in the agricultural sector in remote regions); (2) face additional barriers to adaptation in the business environment, including access to finance, technologies, (climate and adaptation) information and supportive policies; and (3) are also often concurrently on the frontline of managing climate risk at household levels. Since various forms of inequality often create compounding experiences of discrimination and vulnerability, we pay particular attention to how factors of differential vulnerability intersect, amplify, and reproduce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gannon, K. E., Castellano, E., Eskander, S., Agol, D., Diop, M., Conway, D., & Sprout, E. (2022). The triple differential vulnerability of female entrepreneurs to climate risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Gendered barriers and enablers to private sector adaptation. WIREs Climate Change<\/em>, e793. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wcc.793