{"id":3394,"date":"2013-10-21T10:50:30","date_gmt":"2013-10-21T10:50:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?post_type=publication&#038;p=3394"},"modified":"2020-04-02T15:32:35","modified_gmt":"2020-04-02T14:32:35","slug":"a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/","title":{"rendered":"A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\"><h3>Forthcoming in <em>Empirica<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10663-013-9239-6\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">External link to article&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a><br>\n<a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.levyinstitute.org\/publications\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">External link to working paper&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>This paper presents a small macroeconomic model describing the main mechanisms of the process of credit creation by the private banking system. The model is composed of a core unit&mdash;where the dynamics of income, credit, and aggregate demand are determined&mdash;and a set of sectoral accounts that ensure its stock-flow consistency. In order to grasp the role of credit and banks in the functioning of the economic system, we make an explicit distinction between planned and realized variables, thanks to which, while maintaining the ex-post accounting consistency, we are able to introduce an ex-ante wedge between current aggregate income and planned expenditure. Private banks are the only economic agents capable of filling this gap through the creation of new credit. Through the use of numerical simulation, we discuss the link between credit creation and the expansion of economic activity, also contributing to a recent academic debate on the relation between income, debt, and aggregate demand.<\/p>\n<h3>Reference<\/h3>\n<p>Campiglio, E., and Bernardo, G. October 2013. <em>A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks<\/em>. Working paper 777, Levy Economics Institute, London, UK.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\"><p>Forthcoming in Empirica External link to article&#65279; External link to working paper&#65279; Abstract This paper presents a small macroeconomic model&hellip;<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"template":"","tags":[643,779],"publication-type":[436],"topic_area":[],"class_list":["post-3394","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry","tag-bank","tag-credit-creation","publication-type-research-articles"],"acf":{"downloads":{"ref_value":"field_52f16cc1a80f2","value":false,"type":"repeater","post_type":""},"profile_link":{"ref_value":"field_52f164b5189e9","value":["emanuele-campiglio"],"type":"relationship","post_type":"profile"},"article_link":{"ref_value":"field_52eee3c7f0586","value":"https:\/\/www.levyinstitute.org\/publications\/?docid=1905","type":false,"post_type":""},"article_link_title":{"ref_value":"field_5322399d89d42","value":"Levy Economics Institute. Working Paper No. 777 October 2013","type":false,"post_type":""},"spotlight":{"ref_value":"field_52f80896506d3","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""},"exclude_from_sync":{"ref_value":"field_560538b0e7350","value":"0","type":false,"post_type":""},"rss_newsletter":{"ref_value":"field_54f5c2c1544d8","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""}},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Forthcoming in Empirica External link to article&#65279; External link to working paper&#65279; Abstract This paper presents a small macroeconomic model...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-04-02T14:32:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\\\/\",\"name\":\"A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2013-10-21T10:50:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-04-02T14:32:35+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication\\\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/?post_type=publication\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"All research\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication-type\\\/new-research\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Research article\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/publication-type\\\/research-articles\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/\",\"name\":\"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment\",\"description\":\"The Grantham Research Institute at LSE carries out world-class research on climate change and the environment.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lse.ac.uk\\\/granthaminstitute\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","og_description":"Forthcoming in Empirica External link to article&#65279; External link to working paper&#65279; Abstract This paper presents a small macroeconomic model...","og_url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/","og_site_name":"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","article_modified_time":"2020-04-02T14:32:35+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Estimated reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/","url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/","name":"A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks - Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/#website"},"datePublished":"2013-10-21T10:50:30+00:00","dateModified":"2020-04-02T14:32:35+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/a-simple-model-of-income-aggregate-demand-and-the-process-of-credit-creation-by-private-banks\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Publications","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?post_type=publication"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"All research","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication-type\/new-research\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Research article","item":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication-type\/research-articles\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"A simple model of income, aggregate demand and the process of credit creation by private banks"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/","name":"Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the environment","description":"The Grantham Research Institute at LSE carries out world-class research on climate change and the environment.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"}]}},"taxonomies":{"post_tag":["bank","credit creation"],"publication-type":["Research article"]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/3394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/publication"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/43"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication\/3394\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3394"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3394"},{"taxonomy":"publication-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/publication-type?post=3394"},{"taxonomy":"topic_area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic_area?post=3394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}