{"id":77079,"date":"2025-02-20T09:35:15","date_gmt":"2025-02-20T09:35:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/?post_type=news&#038;p=77079"},"modified":"2025-02-24T14:09:43","modified_gmt":"2025-02-24T14:09:43","slug":"operation-damage-control-trumps-executive-orders-and-the-climate","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/news\/operation-damage-control-trumps-executive-orders-and-the-climate\/","title":{"rendered":"Operation damage control: Trump\u2019s executive orders and the climate"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\"><p class=\"is-style-large\">President Trump&rsquo;s orders to leave the Paris Agreement and &ldquo;terminate the Green New Deal&rdquo; will have far-reaching implications for climate governance and action in the United States and globally, but giving up is not an option, writes Timo Leiter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">executive orders&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> signed during Donald Trump&rsquo;s first days in office have eliminated <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/c76943c6-38e5-46e7-9a8b-58ab638ed04f\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">over 70&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> of the Biden administration&rsquo;s climate and energy initiatives. Litigation and responses from industry, state governments and Congress, together with the reactions of other major powers, will determine whether the objectives of the Paris Agreement remain in sight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trump&rsquo;s main executive orders affecting climate and energy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Withdrawing from the Paris Agreement:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&ldquo;Withdrawal from the <a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/2025\/01\/putting-america-first-in-international-environmental-agreements\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Paris Agreement&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> and any attendant obligations&rdquo;;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&ldquo;Immediately cease or revoke any purported financial commitment made by the US under the UNFCCC&rdquo;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&ldquo;The U.S. International Climate Finance Plan is revoked and rescinded immediately&rdquo;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Terminating the Green New Deal:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&ldquo;All agencies shall <a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/2025\/01\/unleashing-american-energy\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">immediately pause&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> the disbursement of funds appropriated through the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 or the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act&rdquo;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Blocking clean energy:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Excluding US coastal waters from <a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/2025\/01\/temporary-withdrawal-of-all-areas-on-the-outer-continental-shelf-from-offshore-wind-leasing-and-review-of-the-federal-governments-leasing-and-permitting-practices-for-wind-projects\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">wind energy leases&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> and reviewing all existing leases<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eliminating the <a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/2025\/01\/temporary-withdrawal-of-all-areas-on-the-outer-continental-shelf-from-offshore-wind-leasing-and-review-of-the-federal-governments-leasing-and-permitting-practices-for-wind-projects\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">&ldquo;social cost of carbon&rdquo;&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> calculation from any federal permitting or regulatory decision<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Promoting fossil fuels:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Simplified permitting processes, including for pipeline infrastructure; expediting approvals of liquified natural gas export projects<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Revoking environmental protection, including in national parks such as in <a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/2025\/01\/unleashing-alaskas-extraordinary-resource-potential\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Alaska&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Axing support for electric vehicles:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&ldquo;Eliminating the &ldquo;<a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/2025\/01\/unleashing-american-energy\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">electric vehicle (EV) mandate&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>&rdquo; (&hellip;) and removing regulatory barriers to motor vehicle access&rdquo;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No tax breaks or subsidies for EVs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No more funding for EV charging stations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are some likely implications of these orders for climate governance, climate finance and greenhouse gas mitigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Climate governance &ndash; shifting incentives and influence<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>An immediate consequence of leaving the Paris Agreement is that the US will no longer be obliged to prepare a national climate action pledge in the form of a &lsquo;nationally determined contribution&rsquo; (NDC) or a &lsquo;biennial transparency report&rsquo; (BTR) about its implementation. The Biden administration submitted both documents on <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-12\/United%20States%202035%20NDC.pdf\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">19 December 2024&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>, but the Trump administration&rsquo;s orders indicate it will simply ignore them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Legally, the withdrawal of a Party from the Paris Agreement &ldquo;only takes effect upon expiry of one year from the date of notification&rdquo; (Article 28), which means the US is still bound by the provisions of the Paris Agreement until January 2026. However, the executive order states that &ldquo;The United States will consider its withdrawal from the Agreement to be effective immediately&rdquo;, which is a violation of international law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For global climate governance, the exit of the US (for the second time) has its implications. Since the US is the largest historic emitter of greenhouse gases, other countries might feel unfairly burdened by its inaction. For example, Indonesia&rsquo;s climate and energy envoy <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/41d8a4f7-4e4c-4131-9dd8-e2530d3210b6\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">recently questioned&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> &nbsp;why Indonesia should still implement its emission reduction target.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, two factors reduce the likelihood of other countries also leaving the Paris Agreement. First, developing countries are only eligible for financial support including from the <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenclimate.fund\/about\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">Green Climate Fund&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> if they are a Party to the treaty. This acts as a powerful incentive not to withdraw, especially since the <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/resources\/adaptation-gap-report-2023\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">adaptation finance gap&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> continues to grow. Second, practically all governments (except for the Trump administration, Argentina&rsquo;s president Milei, Iran, Libya and Yemen) recognise that climate change is a serious threat that has to be addressed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A collapse of international climate governance would worsen climate risks for every country. Insiders including the UK&rsquo;s Special Representative for Climate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/events\/pete-betts-memorial-lecture-implementing-the-paris-agreement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rachel Kyte<\/a> therefore expect the Paris Agreement to prevail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A second implication is a shift in influence over the United Nations climate change negotiations. Traditionally, the US and China were seen as the two major powers that critically shaped its outcomes, including the <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/american-journal-of-international-law\/article\/paris-climate-change-agreement-a-new-hope\/413CC22E95E284C80541707F80B85252\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">architecture of the Paris Agreement&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>. The US withdrawal creates a power gap that others will fill. This shift was already on full display at the COP29 climate conference in Baku last November, where the United Arab Emirates&rsquo; outgoing COP president sought to position his country as a &ldquo;climate leader&rdquo; more reliable than the US. Who fills the gap and what their political objectives are will strongly influence the ambition level of climate action for years to come. Paradoxically, it creates new opportunities for China to gain geopolitical influence &ndash; exactly the opposite of the purported foreign policy objective of the Trump administration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Climate finance &ndash; a hard gap to plug but states and the private sector could be crucial<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Trump administration has not withdrawn from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Accordingly, and in contrast to the executive order, the US is still obliged to financially support developing countries on mitigation and adaptation (under Article 4). In strong disregard for this obligation, the Trump administration <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/donald-trump-rescind-4-billion-us-pledge-un-climate-fund\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">formally rescinded&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> US$4 billion that was pledged by the Biden and the Obama administrations but had not yet been transferred to the Green Climate Fund, due to Congress being Republican-controlled. In 2024, the US provided <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nrdc.org\/bio\/joe-thwaites\/how-deliver-new-climate-finance-goal\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">12 per cent&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> of bilateral and multilateral climate finance from developed countries. This proportion is now at high risk of being eliminated altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The shortfall during the first Trump presidency was offset by stronger commitments from other donors, especially France, Germany and the UK. However, the current political and fiscal climate makes it less likely that other countries could fill this gap, all while climate finance needs continue to grow. The gap in US climate finance could particularly affect least developed countries and adaptation projects that often require grant financing. During the first Trump presidency, the number of bilaterally funded adaptation projects <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/resources\/adaptation-gap-report-2021\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">fell sharply&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>, from almost 250 in 2016 to just 16 new projects in 2018. The extent to which the Trump administration will block mobilisation of climate finance through the multilateral development banks, a key pillar of the New Collective Quantified Goal on Climate Finance (NCQG), is yet to be seen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Within the US, following adoption of the Inflation Reduction Act and the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act in 2022, between Q3 2022 and Q3 2024 investments in clean manufacturing and clean energy totalled a <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/rhg.com\/research\/trump-2-0-whats-in-store-for-us-energy-and-climate\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">record US$264 billion&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>. An additional US$435 billion of investments by the public and private sector have been announced but not yet spent. The extent to which Trump&rsquo;s orders affect clean investments largely depends on the reaction of industry, customers and private funders. If they continue to expect growth opportunities and cost savings from renewable energy and higher production efficiencies, significant investments will likely persist despite the drastically changed federal policy environment. Political support at the state level will also play a decisive role. The <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/usclimatealliance.org\/press-releases\/alliance-paris-withdrawal\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">US Climate Alliance&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>, a bipartisan coalition of 24 governors representing almost 60% of the US economy, has vowed it will &ldquo;continue America&rsquo;s work to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement&rdquo;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Greenhouse gas mitigation &ndash; rising emissions and energy prices<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Under the Biden administration, the US&rsquo;s emissions <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/report_2024\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">declined by 1.4%&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> in 2023 from 2022. In stark contrast, Trump&rsquo;s recent actions mean that the country&rsquo;s emissions could be up to <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/rhg.com\/research\/trump-2-0-whats-in-store-for-us-energy-and-climate\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">36% higher&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> in 2035 than they would have been under the policies of the Biden administration. This severe setback for US mitigation efforts also leads to a far higher demand for fossil fuels, which could increase US dependence on imported oil by <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/rhg.com\/research\/trump-2-0-whats-in-store-for-us-energy-and-climate\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">up to 31%&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> in 2035. Average household energy bills are expected to increase by more than 10%. Both effects are the very opposite of what the Trump administration says it aims to achieve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The shortfall in climate action in the US will be compounded by a slower energy transition in developing countries, due to a lapse in US international climate finance. The de-facto liquidation of the US Agency for International Development (USAID) abruptly ends climate change projects worth almost <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20241204034656\/https:\/www.usaid.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-11\/USAID_FY2024AFR.pdf\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">US$0.5 billion&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a> in 2024. Even if actions by sub-national governments and market opportunities for clean energy avoid a stronger dip in US mitigation efforts, the Trump administration&rsquo;s actions will undoubtedly delay the peaking of global emissions and further reduce the already slim chances of limiting global warming to 1.5&deg;C above pre-industrial levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Operation &lsquo;damage control&rsquo;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trump&rsquo;s misguided policies in fact counter exactly what one of the Executive Orders calls for: to &ldquo;prioritize economic efficiency, [and] the promotion of American prosperity&rdquo;. US consumers will pay a heavy price, and so will vulnerable communities across the globe. To contain the fallout, concerted &lsquo;damage control&rsquo; is needed. Mitigation efforts that enjoy bipartisan support need to be maintained, state governments need to advance a policy environment that promotes clean investments, companies need to decarbonise their operations. Congress&rsquo;s constitutional role in providing &lsquo;checks and balances&rsquo; to the executive power of the President is vital but not assured. Philanthropic organisations can help fill funding gaps in climate research and in international organisations including the <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.org\/press\/un-special-envoy-michael-r-bloomberg-announces-effort-to-ensure-u-s-honors-paris-agreement-commitments\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">UN Climate Change secretariat&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>. The situation is bleak, but giving up is not an option.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\">\n\n\n\n<p><em>A version of this commentary has also been published by the <a class=\"link link--external\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.lse.ac.uk\/businessreview\/2025\/02\/20\/trumps-executive-orders-and-the-fight-against-climate-change\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"\">LSE Business Review&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Up-to-date information on the Trump administration&rsquo;s stance on climate action is available via the following trackers: <a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/climate.law.columbia.edu\/content\/climate-backtracker\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Climate Backtracker&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>; <a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/iratracker.org\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Inflation Reduction Act Tracker&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>; <a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cleaninvestmentmonitor.org\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a><a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cleaninvestmentmonitor.org\/\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Clean Investment Monitor&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>; and <a class=\"link link--external\" href=\"https:\/\/climate.law.columbia.edu\/Silencing-Science-Tracker\" aria-describedby=\"link-description-new-window\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Silencing Science Tracker&#65279;<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" role=\"img\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M14.42 1.04L3.2.7a.8.8 0 00-.8.76v.1a.8.8 0 00.76.7l9.39.3L.93 14.16c-.3.3-.3.8 0 1.1l.09.08c.3.23.73.2 1.01-.07L13.65 3.65l.29 9.4a.8.8 0 00.8.76.79.79 0 00.77-.8L15.17 1.8a.82.82 0 00-.75-.76z\" fill=\"#2e3152\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\"><p>President Trump&rsquo;s orders to leave the Paris Agreement and &ldquo;terminate the Green New Deal&rdquo; will have far-reaching implications for climate governance and action in the United States and globally, but giving up is not an option, writes Timo Leiter.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":77082,"template":"","tags":[4900,1950,4824,4899,4898],"news-category":[16],"topic_area":[4704,4705,4706],"class_list":["post-77079","news","type-news","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-executive-orders","tag-paris-agreement","tag-trump","tag-us-president","tag-white-house","news-category-20-commentary","topic_area-governance","topic_area-leadership","topic_area-major-emitting-countries"],"acf":{"show_translations_widget":{"ref_value":"field_6203d588c41e8","value":"0","type":false,"post_type":""},"downloads":{"ref_value":"field_52f16cc1a80f2","value":false,"type":"repeater","post_type":""},"rss_newsletter":{"ref_value":"field_54f5c2c1544d8","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""},"profile_link":{"ref_value":"field_52f164b5189e9","value":["timo-leiter"],"type":"relationship","post_type":"profile"},"article_link":{"ref_value":"field_52eee3c7f0586","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""},"article_link_title":{"ref_value":"field_5322399d89d42","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""},"spotlight":{"ref_value":"field_52f80896506d3","value":"","type":false,"post_type":""}},"yoast_head":"<!-- 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