The Global Climate Legislation Database
Carbon Fund Act 2007, Number 12 of 2007 (Ireland / 2007 / Legislative)
The Act creates a Carbon Fund to enable the acquisition by the State of Kyoto Units in order to meet international targets following the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. The Carbon Fund … read more »
Energy efficient buildings and biofuel standards (2010 Finance Law) (Italy / 2010 / Legislative)
The Finance law 2010 provides incentives for energy efficient buildings and the use of biofuel. Fossil fuels are subject to specific excise duties on the basis of weight or volume … read more »
Finance Law 2008 (Law No. 244 24/12/2007 and Law No. 222 29/11/2007); M.D. 18.12.08; Law 99/09) (Italy / 2008 / Legislative)
This Law confirmed the 2007 Budget Law measures, and extended the deadline of borne expenditures from December 2007 to 2010. Putting a price on carbon: the revisions concerning green certificates … read more »
Introduction of the Green Certificates System (Legislative decree 79/99 of 16 March 1999 entitled; Ministry of Productive Activities decree 18.03.02; Followed by Ministry of Productive Activities decree 14.03.04, implementing the rules for the green certificates) (Italy / 2002 / Executive)
This legislation completes the introduction of a cap-and-trade mechanism to promote renewable energy sources. It introduces the green certificates that producers and importers can buy. Energy – demand-side policies: the … read more »
Law Decree no. 145/20131 (the ?Destinazione Italia Decree?) (Italy / 2014 / Legislative)
This Decree introduces an optional incentive system for existing plants and new rules for plants benefiting from incentives based on electricity rates. Among others, the Decree presents a new optional … read more »
Strategy to Cut National Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Kyoto implementation) (Italy / 2002 / Executive)
The Environment Ministry released the government’s strategy to cut national GHG emissions by 6.5% on 1990 levels by 2008–2012, as agreed under the Kyoto Protocol. Putting a price on carbon: … read more »
White Certificate Trading for End-Use Energy Efficiency (Italy / 2005 / Executive)
Two Decrees voted in 2004 require electricity and gas suppliers to help their customers save energy and engendered the 2005 White Certificates trading scheme. The two decrees repealed two previous … read more »
Act Partially Amending the Law on Special Tax Measures (Tax Reform Act 2012) (Law No. 16 of 2012) (Japan / 2012 / Legislative)
Part of the tax reform implemented by this amendment Act is the introduction of a carbon tax for climate change mitigation purpose, beginning in October 2012. The tax builds onto … read more »
The Ecological Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, No. 212 of 2007 and Amendment to said legislation on 3 December 2011 (Kazakhstan / 2007 / Legislative)
The Ecological Code is a general law that addresses a variety of environmental and climate issues. It codifies ecological definitions of terms into law, establishes the authority of the government … read more »
National Environment Policy 2013 (Kenya / 2013 / Executive)
The Policy aims to provide a framework for an integrated approach to sustainable management of Kenya’s environment and natural resources. In particular it proposes to strengthen: • Legal and institutional … read more »
General Law on Climate Change (Mexico / 2012 / Legislative / Mitigation and Adaptation Framework)
The approval of the GLCC gives certainty and continuity to climate policy in Mexico and sets the country on a path to a low carbon economy. It establishes the basis … read more »
Special Tax Law on Production and Services (carbon tax) (Mexico / 1980 / Legislative)
The 2012 amendments to the Special Tax Law introduced Mexico’s carbon tax. It covers fossil fuel sales and imports by manufacturers, producers, and importers and is capped at 3% of … read more »
Energy Report (Netherlands / 2011 / Executive)
This document is prepared by the government every four years to establish energy and climate policies. In 2011, the government presented the latest version of the Energy Report, which outlined … read more »
Environmental Management Act 2004 (Netherlands / 2004 / Legislative)
In fields such as environmental permits, CO2 emissions trading, waste prevention, water quality and landfill policy, most environmental regulations affecting GHG emissions are based on the Environmental Management Act. It … read more »
National Climate Agenda: Resilient, Prosperous and Green (Netherlands / 2013 / Executive / Mitigation and Adaptation Framework)
The Climate Agenda for 2030 outlines a climate approach focused on assembling a broadly-based coalition for climate measures and on a combined approach to climate adaptation (by designing a resilient … read more »
New Energy for Climate Policy: The Clean and Efficient Programme (CEP) (Netherlands / 2007 / Executive)
The CEP was established with three main objectives: setting and implementing firm targets for reducing GHG emissions, increasing the share or renewable energy and improving energy efficiency. It also established … read more »
Climate Change Response Act 2002 (New Zealand / 2002 / Legislative / Mitigation Framework)
The Climate Change Response Act 2002 established an institutional and legal framework for New Zealand to ratify and meet its obligations and the Kyoto Protocol and the United Nations Framework … read more »
Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading Act, No. 99 of 2004 (Norway / 2004 / Legislative)
The Act aims to limit emissions of GHGs in a cost-effective manner by means of a system involving the duty to surrender GHG emission allowances and freely transferable emission allowances. … read more »
Action Plan for Adaptation and Mitigation against Climate Change (Decree N. 238-2010-MINAM) (Peru / 2010 / Executive)
The Action Plan for Adaptation and Mitigation against Climate Change describes the proposals of the Ministry of Environment for climate change programmes, projects and priorities for both the short and medium … read more »
Council of Ministers Resolutions 104/2006 and 1/2008, establishes and amends the National Climate Change Programme (PNAC) (Portugal / 2006 / Executive / Mitigation Framework)
The PNAC 2006 contains a set of measures defined for the sectors of the economy with an impact on GHG emissions: energy (demand and supply, including the sub-sectors transport, residential … read more »
Decree-Law 71/2006 on the Portuguese Carbon Fund (Portugal / 2006 / Executive)
Establishes the Portuguese Carbon Fund (FPC), a state financial instrument for acting on the carbon market to ensure compliance with national targets on climate change issues, making use of the … read more »
Government Urgency Ordinance regarding the tax on polluting emissions from motor vehicles , 9/2013 (Romania / 2013 / Legislative)
The law established a legal framework to tax motor vehicles based on their pollution levels based on EURO (1,2,3,4,5,6) pollution standards. The fee thus accrued is then considered as income … read more »
Act No. 414/2012 Coll. on Emission Trading (Slovakia / 2012 / Legislative)
The Act establishes new allocation rules for CO2 emission allowances for period 2013-2020 in compliance with the EU adopted rules. Distribution of allowances free of charge is for the industrial … read more »
Act. 609/2007 on Excise tax from electricity, coal and natural gas (Slovakia / 2007 / Legislative)
The Act promotes energy efficiency by establishing an excise tax from electricity, coal and natural gas. However, there are several exemptions from the act, including among others: – electricity used … read more »
Carbon Emissions Motor Vehicles tax (within 2009?2010 budget) (South Africa / 2010 / Legislative)
The 2009 Budget introduced an ad valorem CO2 emissions tax on new passenger motor vehicles. However, it was later recommended that the original tax proposal be converted into a flat … read more »


